Kenya: A Natural Outlook: Chapter 8. Groundwater Distribution and Aquifer Characteristics in Kenya (Developments in Earth Surface Processes) by Zachariah Kuria
Kenya: A Natural Outlook: Chapter 8. Groundwater Distribution and Aquifer Characteristics in Kenya (Developments in Earth Surface Processes) by Zachariah Kuria PDF, ePub eBook D0wnl0ad
Comprehensive hydrogeological investigations of Kenya as country have been carried out within various geological settings that range from volcanic terrains and associated quaternary sediments, through sedimentary terrains of northern and coastal Kenya to areas underlain by metamorphic rocks. The objective of the study was to establish groundwater occurrence and distribution in country including characterization of the aquifer properties. The aspects considered in this study of groundwater include: underlying geology, aquifer geometry, groundwater levels in the aquifer, groundwater flow and recharge, specific capacity and transmissivity of the aquifer. The study commences with a systematic analysis of over 13,000 borehole data in relation to geomorphological and geological setting from a regional conceptualization to more specific areas with distinct hydrogeological features. The results reveal that the aquifer within the sedimentary terrains (northern Kenya-Kenya coast) stretches over a distance of 740km in NW-SE direction as a continuum all the way from the Marsabit through Garissa and terminates at Lamu within the Kenyan Coast. Merti aquifer is part of this large aquifer system. The estimated average transmissivity indicate that a net flux of some 75,000m3. The main aquifer within the sedimentary setting of southern Kenya include Sabaki aquifer (at Baricho area), Tiwi Aquifer and Msambweni. The aquifer zone is marked by saturated sandy layers within the Kilindini Formation. The total storage in the northern and central parts of the sandy facies of the Kilindini Formation, assuming an effective porosity of 30%, is in the order of 112 million m3. Within the Rift Valley ground water is confined within lacustrine sediments, weathered and/or fractured zones in the volcanic rocks, and sediments interbedded between volcanic rocks. The aquifers within rift valley include: Turkana aquifer, Baringo-Bogoria aquifer, Nakuru aquifer, and Magadi aquifer. In the areas covered by the basement rocks there is no single identified aquifer with significant amount of groundwater. According to the peizometric map, the aquifer within the basement rocks are localized; examples of these aquifers occur around Isiolo, Meru, Embu, Wote and Kitui areas. Under the geological conditions of the Basement terrains, the groundwater occurs in weathered zones above the crystalline Basement rocks, fractured zones within the crystalline bedrock, and alluvial deposits along the main drainage channels.From reader reviews:
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